Nature Medicine.
doi:10.1038/nm.4308
Authors: Jianjun Gao, John F Ward, Curtis A Pettaway, Lewis Z Shi, Sumit K Subudhi, Luis M Vence, Hao Zhao, Jianfeng Chen, Hong Chen, Eleni Efstathiou, Patricia Troncoso, James P Allison, Christopher J Logothetis, Ignacio I Wistuba, Manuel A Sepulveda, Jingjing Sun, Jennifer Wargo, Jorge Blando & Padmanee Sharma
To date, anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) or anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) monotherapy has not been demonstrated to be of substantial clinical benefit in patients with prostate cancer. To identify additional immune-inhibitory pathways in the prostate-tumor microenvironment, we evaluated untreated and ipilimumab-treated tumors from patients in a presurgical clinical trial. Levels of the PD-L1 and VISTA inhibitory molecules increased on independent subsets of macrophages in treated tumors. Our data suggest that VISTA represents another compensatory inhibitory pathway in prostate tumors after ipilimumab therapy.
Source: Nature Medicine